Home > manopt > manifolds > euclidean > skewsymmetricfactory.m

skewsymmetricfactory

PURPOSE ^

Returns a manifold struct to optimize over k skew-symmetric matrices of size n

SYNOPSIS ^

function M = skewsymmetricfactory(n, k)

DESCRIPTION ^

 Returns a manifold struct to optimize over k skew-symmetric matrices of size n

 function M = skewsymmetricfactory(n)
 function M = skewsymmetricfactory(n, k)

 Returns M, a structure describing the Euclidean space of n-by-n
 skew-symmetric matrices equipped with the standard Frobenius distance and
 associated trace inner product, as a manifold for Manopt.

 By default, k = 1. If k > 1, points and vectors are stored in 3D matrices
 X of size nxnxk such that each slice X(:, :, i), for i = 1:k, is
 skew-symmetric.

CROSS-REFERENCE INFORMATION ^

This function calls: This function is called by:

SUBFUNCTIONS ^

SOURCE CODE ^

0001 function M = skewsymmetricfactory(n, k)
0002 % Returns a manifold struct to optimize over k skew-symmetric matrices of size n
0003 %
0004 % function M = skewsymmetricfactory(n)
0005 % function M = skewsymmetricfactory(n, k)
0006 %
0007 % Returns M, a structure describing the Euclidean space of n-by-n
0008 % skew-symmetric matrices equipped with the standard Frobenius distance and
0009 % associated trace inner product, as a manifold for Manopt.
0010 %
0011 % By default, k = 1. If k > 1, points and vectors are stored in 3D matrices
0012 % X of size nxnxk such that each slice X(:, :, i), for i = 1:k, is
0013 % skew-symmetric.
0014 
0015 % This file is part of Manopt: www.manopt.org.
0016 % Original author: Nicolas Boumal, June 28, 2016.
0017 % Contributors:
0018 % Change log:
0019 %
0020 %   Jan. 25, 2017 (NB):
0021 %       M.tangent = M.proj now, instead of being identity. This is notably
0022 %       necessary so that checkgradient will pick up on gradients that do
0023 %       not lie in the appropriate tangent space.
0024     
0025     if ~exist('k', 'var') || isempty(k)
0026         k = 1;
0027     end
0028 
0029     M.name = @() sprintf('(Skew-symmetric matrices of size %d)^%d', n, k);
0030     
0031     M.dim = @() k*n*(n-1)/2;
0032     
0033     M.inner = @(x, d1, d2) d1(:).'*d2(:);
0034     
0035     M.norm = @(x, d) norm(d(:), 'fro');
0036     
0037     M.dist = @(x, y) norm(x(:)-y(:), 'fro');
0038     
0039     M.typicaldist = @() sqrt(k)*n;
0040     
0041     M.proj = @(x, d) multiskew(d);
0042     
0043     M.egrad2rgrad = M.proj;
0044     
0045     M.ehess2rhess = @(x, eg, eh, d) M.proj(x, eh);
0046     
0047     M.tangent = M.proj;
0048     
0049     M.exp = @exp;
0050     function y = exp(x, d, t)
0051         if nargin == 3
0052             y = x + t*d;
0053         else
0054             y = x + d;
0055         end
0056     end
0057     
0058     M.retr = M.exp;
0059     
0060     M.log = @(x, y) y-x;
0061 
0062     M.hash = @(x) ['z' hashmd5(x(:))];
0063     
0064     M.rand = @() multiskew(randn(n, n, k));
0065     
0066     M.randvec = @randvec;
0067     function u = randvec(x) %#ok<INUSD>
0068         u = multiskew(randn(n, n, k));
0069         u = u / norm(u(:), 'fro');
0070     end
0071     
0072     M.lincomb = @matrixlincomb;
0073     
0074     M.zerovec = @(x) zeros(n, n, k);
0075     
0076     M.transp = @(x1, x2, d) d;
0077     
0078     M.pairmean = @(x1, x2) .5*(x1+x2);
0079     
0080     
0081     % Elaborate list of indices of strictly upper-triangular entries.
0082     single_upper_triangle = find(triu(ones(n), 1));
0083     all_upper_triangle = bsxfun(@plus, single_upper_triangle, n^2*(0:(k-1)));
0084     all_upper_triangle = all_upper_triangle(:);
0085     
0086     % To vectorize a matrix, we extract all upper-triangular entries and
0087     % scale by sqrt(2) to ensure isometry, that is: given two tangent
0088     % vectors U and V at a point X, M.inner(X, U, V) is equal to u'*v,
0089     % where u = M.vec(X, U) and likewise for v. This construction has the
0090     % advantage of providing a vectorized representation of matrices that
0091     % has the same length as the intrinsic dimension of the space they live
0092     % in.
0093     M.vec = @(x, u_mat) sqrt(2)*u_mat(all_upper_triangle);
0094     M.mat = @matricize;
0095     function u_mat = matricize(X, u_vec) %#ok<INUSL>
0096         u_mat = zeros(n, n, k);
0097         u_mat(all_upper_triangle) = u_vec((k*n+1):end) / sqrt(2);
0098         u_mat = u_mat - multitransp(u_mat);
0099     end
0100     M.vecmatareisometries = @() true;
0101 
0102 end

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